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Use a
ground-fault circuit-interrupter with every power tool
The U S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
(who originally wrote this article) recommends the use of a ground-fault
circuit-interrupter (GFCI) with every power tool to protect against electrical
shock hazards. Each year, CPSC learns of approximately 20 to 30 electrocution
deaths associated with power drills, saws, sanders, hedge trimmers, and other
electric power tools. Most of these deaths could be prevented by the use of a
GFCI.
A GFCI constantly monitors current flowing in a circuit to sense any loss of
current. If the current flowing through two circuit conductors differs by a very
small amount, the GFCI instantly interrupts the current flow to prevent a lethal
amount of electricity from reaching the consumer. The consumer may feet a
painful shock but will not be electrocuted. Grounding may provide some
protection for power equipment and double insulation of newer power tools
presents lower risks of electrocution. However, GFCls are the most effective
means for protecting consumers against electrical shock hazards.
Since 1973, homes built according to the National Electrical Code have varying
degrees of GFCI protection. GFCIs were first required in outdoor receptacle
circuits In 1973, bathrooms in 1975, garage wall outlets in 1978, some kitchen
receptacles since 1987, and all receptacle outlets in unfinished basements and
crawl spaces since 1990.
Three common types of GFCls are available for home use: circuit breaker,
receptacle and portable types. The circuit breaker type needs to be installed by
an electrician. The receptacle type may be installed by knowledgeable consumers
familiar with electrical wiring practices. The portable GFCI needs no special
knowledge to install Just plug the portable GFCI Into a wall receptacle and then
plug the electric power tool into the GFCI. It is generally priced below $30 and
is available at hardware stores, building supply centers and electrical supply
houses.
This discussion provides information to help guide
employers and employees in protecting themselves against 120-volt electrical
hazards on the construction site, through the use of ground-fault circuit
interrupters or through an assured equipment grounding conductor program.
When planning your program, remember to use the OSHA rules and regulations as a
guide to ensure employee safety and health. Following these rules and
regulations will help reduce the number of injuries and accidents from
electrical hazards. Work disruptions should be minor, and the necessary
inspections and maintenance should require little time.
An effective safety and health program requires the cooperation of both the
employer and employees.
If you need additional information planning your program, contact the OSHA
office nearest you.
Visual inspection of
following:
- cord sets
- cap, plug and receptacle of cord sets
- equipment connected by cord and plug
Exceptions:
- receptacles and cord sets which are fixed and not exposed to damage
Frequency of Inspections:
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Conduct tests for:
- continuity of equipment grounding conductor
- proper terminal connection of equipment grounding conductor
Frequency of Tests:
- before first use
- after repair, and before placing back in service
- before use, after suspected damage
- every 3 months, except that cord sets and receptacles that are fixed
and not exposed to damage must be tested at regular intervals not to
exceed 6 months.
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